Fire stopping is the practice of sealing gaps, penetrations and joints in fire-rated construction elements to maintain their fire resistance rating. It is one of the most commonly deficient areas of passive fire protection in Australian buildings.
What is Fire Stopping?
Fire stopping refers to the range of materials and systems used to seal openings in fire-rated walls, floors and ceilings. These openings are created when services, pipes, cables, conduits and ducts, pass through fire-rated elements. Without proper sealing, these penetrations compromise the fire resistance of the element, allowing fire and smoke to spread between compartments. Fire stopping systems are tested to Australian Standards (AS1530 series) and must achieve the same fire resistance level (FRL) as the element they penetrate.
Types of Fire Stopping Systems
Different penetration types require different fire stopping solutions. Intumescent products expand in the heat of a fire to seal gaps around combustible pipes. Pillows and collars are used for larger openings. Silicone-based sealants provide flexible sealing for cable penetrations. Fire stopping boards and mortar systems are used for larger service openings. The selection of the appropriate system depends on the penetration type, the fire resistance requirement, and the services passing through the opening. Only AS1530 tested and certified products should be used.
Common Deficiencies in Australian Buildings
Fire stopping deficiencies are extremely common in Australian buildings, particularly in older strata and commercial properties. Common issues include unsealed penetrations created during maintenance or refurbishment works, the use of non-certified products, incorrect installation of certified products, and deterioration of existing fire stopping systems over time. Regular inspection programs are essential to identify and rectify deficiencies before they become a compliance or safety issue.
The Certification Process
All fire stopping works should be documented with as-built records, including photographs, product certification data and location plans. This documentation is essential for demonstrating compliance to building certifiers, council inspectors and insurers. For buildings subject to fire orders or compliance schedules, formal certification by a qualified fire protection practitioner may be required. One Stop Fire provides complete documentation for all fire stopping works.
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